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Cardiovascular disease, disease of the heart and blood vessels, is the leading cause of death in the United States. Cancer is the second leading cause of death. The third leading cause is injury, of which automobile-related injuries are the most common.
Overall, one in every five Americans has some form of cardiovascular disease.

Reducing Deaths from Heart Attacks

Most people who die of a heart attack die before they ever reach a hospital. The best way to reduce deaths from heart attacks and cardiovascular disease is not simply to equip every hospital with the latest equipment and trained specialists, but to try to prevent the disease that causes heart attacks.
Many people believe that a heart attack occurs suddenly and by chance. This is rarely true. The disease that most often cases heart attacks (cardiovascular disease) is believed to begin in early childhood. The disease gets worse as we get older. As it gets worse, the chance of having a heart attack increases.
Preventing cardiovascular disease involves knowing what things increase your chances of having a heart attack, and knowing what you can do to control these things.
Preventing death when a heart attack does occur involves recognizing the signals of a heart attack and knowing what to do.
Most people who die of a heart attack die within two hours of the time when the heart attack signals start. Some victims die before anyone recognizes the need for emergency medical care. In order to save the lives of heart attack victims, emergency care must be immediately available in the community when the heart attack happens. This emergency care depends on citizens’ being able to recognize the signals of a heart attack, provide first aid, and call for emergency medical services. Your being able to recognize the signals of a heart attack, and acting quickly before the heart stops, can mean the difference between life and death for many victims.
But if a person’s heart has stopped (cardiac arrest), CPR is needed to keep oxygen-carrying blood flowing from the lungs to the brain and heart until more advanced emergency medical care arrives. The bystander who is able to give that lifesaving care could be you. Some experts estimate that if all victims of cardiac arrest received prompt CPR, followed by advanced medical care within 8 to 10 minutes, many victims could be saved.
There are other situations, in addition to heart attack, that can lead to cardiac arrest and the need for CPR. For example, victims of drowning, electrocution, drug overdose, and poisoning may go into cardiac arrest. If a person’s heart stops for any reason, CPR must be started immediately and advanced medical help must arrive within 8 to 10 minutes. You should also know that sometimes the heart just stops without warning.

Your role

Rescuers – citizens like you – play a vital role both in preventing heart attacks from happening and in acting to give first aid when they do happen. When a heart attack or other cardiac emergency occurs, it is up to you to recognize that emergency help is needed to begin first aid, and to alert your community’s emergency medical services (EMS) system. In some situations, this can be done before a heart attack turns into a cardiac arrest. Should cardiac arrest occur, you can use CPR to keep the brain and body cells supplied with oxygen during the critical minutes that it takes for advanced medical help to reach the victim.